;stroke-width:0px;}%3c/style%3e%3clinearGradient%20id='b'%20x1='4.3'%20y1='22.8'%20x2='19.8'%20y2='2.3'%20gradientTransform='translate(0%2025.3)%20scale(1%20-1)'%20gradientUnits='userSpaceOnUse'%3e%3cstop%20offset='0'%20stop-color='%23f9e833'/%3e%3cstop%20offset='.4'%20stop-color='%23facb3a'/%3e%3cstop%20offset='1'%20stop-color='%23fbb140'/%3e%3c/linearGradient%3e%3c/defs%3e%3cpath%20class='c'%20d='m11.5,19.8c.3-.2.8-.2,1.1,0l5.5,2.9c1.2.6,1.9,0,1.7-1.2l-1-6.1c0-.3,0-.8.3-1l4.4-4.3c.9-.9.6-1.8-.7-2l-6.1-.9c-.3,0-.7-.3-.9-.6L13.1.9c-.6-1.2-1.5-1.2-2.1,0l-2.7,5.6c-.1.3-.5.6-.9.6l-6.1.9c-1.3.2-1.6,1.1-.7,2l4.4,4.3c.2.2.4.7.3,1l-1,6.1c-.2,1.3.5,1.9,1.7,1.2l5.5-2.9h0Z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e){kind=small}
1.
What is Hadoop and what are its core components?
Answer:
Hadoop Fundamentals
- 2.
Explain the concept of a Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and its architecture.
Answer: - 3.
How does MapReduce programming model work in Hadoop?
Answer: - 4.
What is YARN, and how does it improve Hadoop’s resource management?
Answer: - 5.
Explain the role of the Namenode and Datanode in HDFS.
Answer: - 6.
What is a Rack Awareness algorithm in HDFS, and why is it important?
Answer: - 7.
What are some of the characteristics that differentiate Hadoop from traditional RDBMS?
Answer: - 8.
How can you secure a Hadoop cluster? Name some of the security mechanisms available.
Answer:
Hadoop Ecosystem and Tools
- 9.
Describe the role of HBase in Hadoop ecosystem.
Answer: - 10.
What is Apache Hive and what types of problems does it solve?
Answer: - 11.
How does Apache Pig fit into the Hadoop ecosystem?
Answer: - 12.
Explain how Apache Flume helps with log and event data collection for Hadoop.
Answer: - 13.
What is Apache Sqoop and how does it interact with Hadoop?
Answer: - 14.
How does Apache Oozie help in workflow scheduling in Hadoop?
Answer: - 15.
What is Apache ZooKeeper and why is it important for Hadoop?
Answer: - 16.
Discuss the role of Apache Spark in the Hadoop ecosystem.
Answer:
Data Management and Processing
- 17.
How does Hadoop handle the failure of a datanode?
Answer: - 18.
Explain the process of data replication in HDFS.
Answer: - 19.
What is speculative execution in Hadoop, and why is it used?
Answer: - 20.
How are large datasets processed in Hadoop?
Answer: - 21.
What is the significance of the input split in MapReduce jobs?
Answer: - 22.
How does partitioning work in Hadoop, and when is it used?
Answer: - 23.
Explain how reducers work in MapReduce and their interaction with shufflers.
Answer: - 24.
What are SequenceFiles in Hadoop?
Answer:
Performance Tuning and Optimization
- 25.
Describe the ways to optimize a MapReduce job.
Answer: - 26.
How can you diagnose and troubleshoot Hadoop performance issues?
Answer: - 27.
What is the significance of combiner in the Hadoop MapReduce framework?
Answer: - 28.
Explain what you can do to optimize the performance of HDFS.
Answer: - 29.
How can job scheduling be optimized in Hadoop?
Answer: - 30.
What are the best practices for managing memory and CPU resources in a Hadoop cluster?
Answer:
Coding Challenges
- 31.
Write a MapReduce job in Java that counts the number of words in a text file.
Answer: - 32.
Create an HDFS command script that copies files from a local file system to HDFS.
Answer: - 33.
Implement a simple Hive query to summarize data from a Hive table.
Answer: - 34.
Code a Pig Latin script to process and transform a dataset into a desired format.
Answer: - 35.
Automate a process to import data from a MySQL database into HDFS using Sqoop.
Answer: - 36.
Implement a Spark job in Scala or Python to perform a join operation on two datasets.
Answer: - 37.
Develop an Oozie workflow that schedules and runs a set of MapReduce and Hive jobs.
Answer: - 38.
Write a Java program to implement custom input and output format classes in Hadoop.
Answer:
Advanced Hadoop Features and Architecture
- 39.
What is the concept of erasure coding in HDFS, and how does it differ from replication?
Answer: - 40.
Explain how Hadoop uses data locality to improve performance.
Answer: - 41.
How does Hadoop support different file formats, and what are some of them?
Answer: - 42.
What is Hadoop federation, and how can it scale a Hadoop cluster?
Answer: - 43.
Discuss the concept and benefits of a journal node in HDFS HA configuration.
Answer: - 44.
What are the implications of small files on HDFS performance and how can this be mitigated?
Answer:
Troubleshooting and Maintenance
- 45.
How would you recover a Hadoop cluster from a Namenode failure?
Answer: - 46.
What considerations should be made for Hadoop cluster backup and disaster recovery?
Answer: - 47.
How would you monitor the health of a Hadoop cluster, and what tools would you use?
Answer: - 48.
Discuss a strategy for Hadoop cluster capacity planning and scaling.
Answer:
Scenario-Based Questions and Use Case Discussions
- 49.
A company wants to process clickstream data in real-time. How would you integrate Hadoop and Spark to meet this requirement?
Answer: - 50.
Propose a data pipeline using Hadoop components to manage and analyze sensor data from IoT devices.
Answer:
%20--%3e%3csvg%20version='1.1'%20id='Слой_1'%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'%20x='0px'%20y='0px'%20viewBox='0%200%20101%20101'%20style='enable-background:new%200%200%20101%20101;'%20xml:space='preserve'%3e%3cstyle%20type='text/css'%3e%20.st0{fill:%23FFFFFF;}%20%3c/style%3e%3cpath%20class='st0'%20d='M80.1,90c0.7,0,1.2-0.6,1.2-1.4c0-0.8-0.5-1.4-1.2-1.4H14.8c-2.7,0-4.9-2.5-4.9-5.6V15.2c0-0.8-0.5-1.4-1.2-1.4%20c-0.7,0-1.2,0.6-1.2,1.4v66.3c0,4.7,3.3,8.5,7.3,8.5H80.1z'/%3e%3cpath%20class='st0'%20d='M91.6,11H66.1c-0.7,0-1.2,0.6-1.2,1.4c0,0.8,0.5,1.4,1.2,1.4h22.7L63,43.7l-20.7,1.7l-0.7,0.4L22.4,67.7%20c-0.5,0.4-0.6,1.4-0.2,2c0.4,0.6,1.2,0.7,1.7,0.3c0.1-0.1,0.1-0.1,0.2-0.3l18.6-21.4l20.7-1.7l0.7-0.4l26.2-30.2v26%20c0,0.8,0.5,1.4,1.2,1.4s1.2-0.6,1.2-1.4V12.4C92.8,11.6,92.3,11,91.6,11z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e){kind=small}
%20--%3e%3csvg%20version='1.1'%20id='Layer_1'%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'%20x='0px'%20y='0px'%20viewBox='0%200%2044.5%2044.5'%20style='enable-background:new%200%200%2044.5%2044.5;'%20xml:space='preserve'%3e%3cstyle%20type='text/css'%3e%20.st0{fill:none;stroke:%23202020;stroke-width:1.498;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-miterlimit:3.994;}%20.st1{fill:none;stroke:%23202020;stroke-width:1.498;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10.005;}%20%3c/style%3e%3cpath%20class='st0'%20d='M11.4,28l11-11.5L33.1,28'/%3e%3ccircle%20class='st1'%20cx='22.2'%20cy='22.2'%20r='21.5'/%3e%3c/svg%3e){kind=small}