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CSS

100 CSS interview questions

Only coding challenges
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CSS Basics


  • 1.

    What does CSS stand for and what is its primary use?

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  • 2.

    How do you include CSS in your HTML document?

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  • 3.

    Can you explain the difference between class and ID selectors?

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  • 4.

    What are pseudo-classes in CSS?

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  • 5.

    Describe how to implement a CSS reset and why it is useful.

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Selectors and Combinators


  • 6.

    How do you select elements by attribute in CSS?

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  • 7.

    What is a pseudo-element, and what are they used for?

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  • 8.

    Explain the difference between the child combinator and the descendant combinator.

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  • 9.

    How would you select all direct children elements of a particular type?

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  • 10.

    What are the universal selector and the sibling combinator, and when would you use them?

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Box Model and Layout


  • 11.

    What is the CSS Box Model?

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  • 12.

    Explain margin collapsing.

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  • 13.

    What are the different values for the box-sizing property and what do they do?

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  • 14.

    How do you center a block element with CSS?

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  • 15.

    What is the difference between block, inline, and inline-block elements?

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Positioning and Stacking Contexts


  • 16.

    Explain the different values for the position property.

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  • 17.

    Describe z-index and how stacking order is controlled in CSS.

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  • 18.

    How do you create a sticky footer with CSS?

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  • 19.

    Can you explain how to create a fixed header that remains at the top on scroll?

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  • 20.

    When would you use position: sticky?

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Styling Text and Fonts


  • 21.

    How do you change the font of text in CSS?

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  • 22.

    What is a web-safe font?

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  • 23.

    When would you use a font shorthand property?

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  • 24.

    How can you include and use custom fonts on a webpage?

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  • 25.

    What is the difference between em and rem units?

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Colors, Backgrounds, and Gradients


  • 26.

    How do you add a background image to an element?

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  • 27.

    What is the difference between hex codes, RGB, and named color values?

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  • 28.

    What are alpha transparency and RGBA?

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  • 29.

    How do you create a gradient background with CSS?

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  • 30.

    Explain how to implement multiple backgrounds on a single element.

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Flexbox


  • 31.

    Describe Flexbox and its advantages.

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  • 32.

    How does flex-grow work?

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  • 33.

    Explain the difference between justify-content and align-items.

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  • 34.

    When would you use align-self?

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  • 35.

    How do you create equal-width columns using Flexbox?

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CSS Grid


  • 36.

    What is the CSS Grid layout, and why is it useful?

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  • 37.

    How do you define grid columns and rows?

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  • 38.

    What is the difference between grid-template-areas and grid-template-columns?

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  • 39.

    How do you place items in the CSS Grid layout?

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  • 40.

    How is overlapping of grid items handled in CSS Grid?

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Responsive Design and Media Queries


  • 41.

    What is a media query?

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  • 42.

    How does the viewport meta tag assist with mobile responsive designs?

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  • 43.

    Describe how to create a mobile-first responsive design.

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  • 44.

    How can you build a layout that changes from a two-column to a single-column with media queries?

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  • 45.

    Explain the use of min-width and max-width in media queries.

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Transitions and Animations


  • 46.

    How do you create a CSS transition?

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  • 47.

    What is the difference between a CSS transition and animation?

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  • 48.

    How do you animate an item’s entrance and exit on the page?

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  • 49.

    Can you explain how to use @keyframes?

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  • 50.

    How do you set the timing functions in CSS animations?

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Advanced CSS Techniques


  • 51.

    What is a CSS preprocessor and why would you use one?

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  • 52.

    Describe the importance of using CSS variables (custom properties).

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  • 53.

    How do you use CSS modules?

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  • 54.

    Can you explain the concept of CSS-in-JS?

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  • 55.

    What tools would you use for CSS linting and formatting?

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Styling Forms and User Interfaces


  • 56.

    How do you style a submit button to appear as a regular link?

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  • 57.

    How can you create custom checkboxes and radio buttons with CSS?

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  • 58.

    Describe how to style a dropdown select box without JavaScript.

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  • 59.

    What is the best practice for styling placeholder text of an input field?

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  • 60.

    How do you implement focus styles for accessibility?

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Layout Debugging and Troubleshooting


  • 61.

    How do you diagnose and solve layout issues?

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  • 62.

    Can you explain how to fix a layout that has unexpectedly broken columns?

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  • 63.

    Describe approaches to resolving common browser compatibility issues in CSS.

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  • 64.

    How would you determine which styles are applied to an element when multiple styles collide?

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  • 65.

    What common CSS problems might cause performance issues?

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CSS 3D Transforms and Visual Effects


  • 66.

    How do you utilize 3D transforms in CSS?

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  • 67.

    Explain how to use the perspective property in CSS.

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  • 68.

    What is backface visibility?

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  • 69.

    How do you create a flip card effect using CSS?

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  • 70.

    What are some examples of visual effects you can achieve with CSS filters?

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Layout and Design Principles


  • 71.

    What are the principles of responsive web design?

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  • 72.

    How would you approach designing a grid system with CSS?

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  • 73.

    Describe the principle of “mobile-first” design.

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  • 74.

    What are some techniques for maintaining aspect ratios in responsive designs?

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  • 75.

    How do you ensure your design is accessible and inclusive?

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Print Stylesheets and CSS for Print


  • 76.

    How do you create a print stylesheet for your web page?

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  • 77.

    What are the common best practices when creating CSS for print?

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  • 78.

    Explain the use of page-break in CSS.

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  • 79.

    How can you test the print version of your web page?

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  • 80.

    What are some challenges when designing CSS for print?

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Pseudo-Elements and Pseudo-Classes


  • 81.

    Describe the purpose of the ::before and ::after pseudo-elements.

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  • 82.

    What is the :hover pseudo-class and how does it work?

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  • 83.

    Explain the difference between :nth-child and :nth-of-type.

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  • 84.

    How do :first-child and :last-child work?

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  • 85.

    What is the :not pseudo-class and when would you use it?

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CSS Performance Optimization


  • 86.

    How does the complexity of selectors impact performance?

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  • 87.

    What strategies would you use to optimize the rendering path of CSS?

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  • 88.

    How do you minimize CSS repaints and reflows?

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  • 89.

    What are some of the best practices for writing efficient CSS?

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  • 90.

    How do you optimize CSS for critical rendering path and fast load times?

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Scalable and Maintainable CSS


  • 91.

    What is Object-Oriented CSS (OOCSS)?

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  • 92.

    Can you explain the BEM (Block Element Modifier) naming convention?

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  • 93.

    What are the advantages of using a CSS framework like Bootstrap or TailwindCSS?

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  • 94.

    How do you ensure CSS scalability and maintainability in a large project?

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  • 95.

    What are some CSS architecture approaches for large-scale applications?

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CSS Special Cases and Practical Scenarios


  • 96.

    How would you create a CSS-only hamburger menu toggle?

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  • 97.

    Explain how to make a pure CSS carousel or slider.

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  • 98.

    How do you create a masonry layout with CSS?

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  • 99.

    How would you apply CSS to a web application that should print as well as display on screen?

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  • 100.

    How do you create a seamless waterfall flow of elements in a responsive design?

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