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Explore our carefully curated catalog of interview essentials covering full-stack, data structures and alogithms, system design, data science, and machine learning interview questions

API Design

50 API Design interview questions

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API Design Fundamentals


  • 1.

    What is an API and what are its main purposes?

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  • 2.

    Can you explain the difference between an API and a Web service?

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  • 3.

    What are the principles of a RESTful API?

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  • 4.

    How does a SOAP API differ from a REST API?

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  • 5.

    What is an API endpoint?

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  • 6.

    What are the common methods (HTTP verbs) used in a REST API, and what does each method do?

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  • 7.

    How do you version an API?

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  • 8.

    What is idempotence in the context of API design, and why is it important?

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  • 9.

    Can you explain what API rate limiting is and give an example of why it might be used?

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  • 10.

    Describe the concept of OAuth in relation to API security.

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API Design Best Practices


  • 11.

    What strategies would you use to ensure the backward compatibility of an API?

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  • 12.

    What are some common response codes that an API might return, and what do they signify?

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  • 13.

    How can you design an API to be easily consumable by clients?

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  • 14.

    When designing an API, how would you document it for end-users?

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  • 15.

    What considerations might influence how you paginate API responses?

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  • 16.

    What is HATEOAS, and how does it relate to API design?

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  • 17.

    How would you handle localization and internationalization in APIs?

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  • 18.

    What are some best practices for designing error responses in an API?

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  • 19.

    What are the benefits of using API Gateways?

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  • 20.

    How would you approach handling file uploads in an API design?

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API Performance and Scalability


  • 21.

    How can caching be incorporated into API design to improve performance?

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  • 22.

    What are some strategies for dealing with high traffic volumes in a scalable API?

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  • 23.

    How does connection pooling work and how can it benefit API performance?

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  • 24.

    When is it appropriate to use synchronous vs asynchronous processing in an API?

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  • 25.

    What are some challenges of maintaining an API at scale?

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API Security Considerations


  • 26.

    What are common security concerns when designing an API?

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  • 27.

    How do you prevent injection attacks in API design?

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  • 28.

    Can you explain what CORS is and why it’s important in API design?

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  • 29.

    What is the purpose of an API key?

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  • 30.

    How would you implement authentication and authorization in APIs?

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Advanced API Design Concepts


  • 31.

    What is the role of an API Gateway in microservices architecture?

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  • 32.

    Can you explain the concept of a headless API?

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  • 33.

    How do GraphQL APIs differ from traditional RESTful APIs?

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  • 34.

    What is gRPC and how might it be used in API design?

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  • 35.

    How can WebSockets enhance API functionalities?

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API Development and Testing


  • 36.

    What tools or frameworks do you use to develop and test APIs?

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  • 37.

    How would you test for API performance and what metrics would you track?

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  • 38.

    What is contract testing in the context of API development?

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  • 39.

    Describe the mocking of APIs for development and testing purposes.

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  • 40.

    How can automated API testing improve the software development lifecycle?

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API Data Management


  • 41.

    How do you handle large volumes of data in API responses?

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  • 42.

    How can an API be designed to support multiple data formats?

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  • 43.

    What are best practices for managing sensitive data through an API?

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  • 44.

    In an API, how do you approach filtering and sorting of data?

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  • 45.

    Can you discuss strategies for transaction management within API endpoints?

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API Specification and Standards


  • 46.

    Are you familiar with any API specification formats and what benefits do they provide?

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  • 47.

    How do you approach the design of an API to comply with industry standards?

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  • 48.

    How do you foresee OpenAPI/Swagger specifications evolving, and how do they impact API design?

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  • 49.

    How can APIs be designed with interoperability in mind?

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  • 50.

    How does a standard like JSON:API influence the way you structure response payloads?

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