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Availability & Reliability

30 Availability & Reliability interview questions

Only coding challenges
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Availability & Reliability Fundamentals


  • 1.

    What is the difference between availability and reliability in the context of a software system?

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  • 2.

    How do you define system availability and what are the key components to measure it?

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  • 3.

    Can you explain the concept of “Five Nines” and how it relates to system availability?

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  • 4.

    How does redundancy contribute to the reliability of a system?

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  • 5.

    What is a single point of failure (SPOF), and how can it be mitigated?

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  • 6.

    Discuss the significance of Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) in reliability engineering.

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  • 7.

    What is the role of Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) in maintaining system availability?

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  • 8.

    Can you differentiate between high availability (HA) and fault tolerance (FT)?

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Designing for Availability


  • 9.

    How would you architect a system for high availability?

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  • 10.

    What design patterns are commonly used to improve system availability?

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  • 11.

    How can load balancing improve system availability, and what are some of its potential pitfalls?

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  • 12.

    Explain the role of health checks in maintaining an available system.

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  • 13.

    What is the purpose of a circuit breaker pattern in a distributed system?

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Monitoring & Incident Response


  • 14.

    What are some key indicators you would monitor to ensure system reliability?

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  • 15.

    How do you implement a monitoring system that accurately reflects system availability?

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  • 16.

    Discuss the importance of alerting and on-call rotations in maintaining system reliability.

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  • 17.

    What steps would you take to respond to an incident that reduces system availability?

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  • 18.

    How can post-mortem analysis improve future system reliability and availability?

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Scaling & Performance


  • 19.

    How does system scalability impact availability?

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  • 20.

    What strategies can be employed to scale a system while maintaining or improving reliability?

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  • 21.

    Describe how caching can affect system reliability and what are some trade-offs.

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  • 22.

    Explain the role of rate limiting in preserving system availability.

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Reliability in Distributed Systems


  • 23.

    How do eventual consistency and strong consistency differ and what are the reliability implications?

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  • 24.

    Describe the CAP theorem and its relevance to system availability.

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  • 25.

    Can you discuss how quorum-based decision making in distributed systems affects reliability?

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  • 26.

    What is the role of distributed transactions in reliability, and what are the challenges associated with them?

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Recovery Strategies


  • 27.

    What is a disaster recovery plan and how does it relate to reliability?

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  • 28.

    How do backup and restore operations impact system availability?

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  • 29.

    Discuss the importance and challenges of data replication in a highly available system.

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  • 30.

    Explain how you would plan for a failover strategy in a multi-region deployment to ensure reliability.

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