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1.
What is the difference between software architecture and software design?
Answer:
Software Architecture Fundamentals
- 2.
Explain separation of concerns in software architecture.
Answer: - 3.
Define a system quality attribute and its importance in software architecture.
Answer: - 4.
Describe the concept of a software architectural pattern.
Answer: - 5.
What is the layered architectural pattern?
Answer: - 6.
What are the elements of a good software architecture?
Answer: - 7.
Define “modularity” in software architecture.
Answer: - 8.
Discuss the concepts of coupling and cohesion.
Answer: - 9.
What is the principle of least knowledge (Law of Demeter) in architecture?
Answer: - 10.
How are cross-cutting concerns addressed in software architecture?
Answer:
Design Patterns and Principles
- 11.
Describe the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern.
Answer: - 12.
Explain the Publish-Subscribe pattern and its applications.
Answer: - 13.
Define Microservices architecture and contrast it with Monolithic architecture.
Answer: - 14.
What are the SOLID principles of object-oriented design?
Answer: - 15.
When should the Singleton pattern be applied and what are its drawbacks?
Answer: - 16.
Define the Repository pattern and its use cases.
Answer: - 17.
Describe the Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) pattern and its components.
Answer: - 18.
Explain the Decorator pattern with an example.
Answer: - 19.
What is the Command pattern and its implementation?
Answer: - 20.
When would you use the Adapter pattern?
Answer:
Scalability and Performance Considerations
- 21.
What strategies can be used to scale a software application?
Answer: - 22.
Describe load balancing and its significance in software architecture.
Answer: - 23.
Explain the concept of a stateless architecture.
Answer: - 24.
How does caching improve system performance?
Answer: - 25.
What practices are vital for designing high availability systems?
Answer: - 26.
Detail the trade-offs in the CAP theorem.
Answer: - 27.
How would you prevent single points of failure in software architecture?
Answer: - 28.
Describe the role of a Content Delivery Network (CDN) in an architecture.
Answer: - 29.
Discuss techniques for optimizing database performance architecturally.
Answer: - 30.
Explain database replication and failover in your architecture.
Answer:
Cloud Computing and DevOps
- 31.
How does cloud computing influence software architecture design?
Answer: - 32.
Define Infrastructure as Code (IaC) and its relationship to architecture.
Answer: - 33.
Describe microservices in cloud-native design.
Answer: - 34.
Explain containerization and its architectural benefits.
Answer: - 35.
Discuss the role of CI/CD in architectural design.
Answer: - 36.
How do serverless architectures operate and their benefits?
Answer: - 37.
What is feature toggling and how does it support DevOps practices?
Answer: - 38.
How would you incorporate monitoring and logging in a cloud-based architecture?
Answer: - 39.
What is blue-green deployment and its role in minimizing downtime?
Answer: - 40.
Describe approaches for achieving multi-tenancy in the cloud.
Answer:
Data Management and Integration
- 41.
Discuss the concept and role of a data lake.
Answer: - 42.
Compare ETL and ELT processes.
Answer: - 43.
How is big data processing handled in software architecture?
Answer: - 44.
Describe the role of message brokers in system integration.
Answer: - 45.
Explain the significance of an API Gateway.
Answer: - 46.
How is Event Sourcing applied in architecture?
Answer: - 47.
Discuss strategies for managing database schema migrations.
Answer: - 48.
Best practices for data consistency in distributed systems?
Answer: - 49.
How to integrate third-party services securely into your architecture?
Answer: - 50.
When choosing between SQL and NoSQL databases, what are the considerations?
Answer:
Reliability, Maintenance, and Evolution
- 51.
Explain fault tolerance and its incorporation into software architecture.
Answer: - 52.
What architectural practices facilitate maintainability and evolution?
Answer: - 53.
Why is documentation crucial for software architecture maintenance?
Answer: - 54.
How do you manage technical debt within a software architecture?
Answer: - 55.
Discuss the importance of automated testing for architectural resilience.
Answer: - 56.
Define “refactoring” in the context of software architecture.
Answer: - 57.
What is graceful degradation in system design?
Answer: - 58.
How do you plan for backward compatibility when evolving architecture?
Answer: - 59.
Define feature deprecation and its architectural considerations.
Answer: - 60.
Discuss architectural strategies for effective debugging.
Answer:
Mobile and IoT Architecture
- 61.
Discuss considerations for mobile application architecture.
Answer: - 62.
How does IoT architecture differ from traditional architectures?
Answer: - 63.
Define edge computing in the context of IoT.
Answer: - 64.
How do you manage data synchronization between mobile devices and servers?
Answer: - 65.
Address battery life and resource constraints in mobile/IoT architectures.
Answer:
Communication and Networking
- 66.
Explain RESTful API design principles.
Answer: - 67.
Considerations for designing a GraphQL API?
Answer: - 68.
Describe WebSocket communication and when it’s preferred.
Answer: - 69.
What is long-polling and how is it supported architecturally?
Answer: - 70.
How can network latency impact architecture and how is it mitigated?
Answer:
Architecture Analysis and Evaluation
- 71.
How do you assess the quality of a software architecture?
Answer: - 72.
Describe the Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM).
Answer: - 73.
What are architectural fitness functions?
Answer: - 74.
Conducting performance analysis on software architectures: methodologies?
Answer: - 75.
Define a risk-driven architectural approach and its application.
Answer:
Emerging Technologies and Future Trends
- 76.
What role does AI play in modern software architecture?
Answer: - 77.
How can blockchain technology be integrated into software architectures?
Answer: - 78.
Potential impact of quantum computing on future architectures?
Answer: - 79.
Architectural changes to support AR and VR applications?
Answer: - 80.
Discuss 5G technology and its effect on software architectures.
Answer:
Collaboration and Team Dynamics
- 81.
How do you communicate architecture decisions to non-technical stakeholders?
Answer: - 82.
How do you define the architect’s role within an agile development team?
Answer: - 83.
How do you handle conflicting architectural decisions among team members?
Answer: - 84.
What is the importance and usage of architecture decision records (ADRs)?
Answer: - 85.
How do you ensure team-wide comprehension and adherence to the defined software architecture?
Answer:
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